The 2018 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded on Wednesday to Frances H. Arnold of the United States, and jointly to George P. Smith of the United States and Gregory P. Winter of the United Kingdom for their work on evolutionary science.

Dr. Arnold conducted the first directed evolution of enzymes, proteins that catalyze chemical reactions. Dr. Smith developed a method, known as phage display, in which a virus that infects bacteria can be used to evolve new proteins. Dr. Winter has used phage display to produce new pharmaceuticals.

The academy said the scientists managed to harness the power of evolution and provide the principles of Darwin in test tubes. 

Enzymes produced through directed evolution are used to manufacture everything from biofuels to pharmaceuticals. Phage display has produced antibodies that can neutralize toxins, counteract autoimmune diseases and cure metastatic cancer.

Source: NY Times

BDST: 1610 HRS, OCT 3, 2018
AP